Chapter 1_1: What is Economics?

Thời gian làm bài: 40 phút

Question 1: An incentive
a. is the opposite of a tradeoff.
b. could be a reward but could not be a penalty.
c. could be either a reward or a penalty.
d. could be a penalty but could not be a reward.

Question 2: The most fundamental economic problem is
a. security.
b. the fact the United States buys more goods from foreigners than we sell to foreigners.
c. health.
d. scarcity.

Question 3: Economics is best defined as the study of how people, businesses, governments, and societies
a. make choices to cope with scarcity.
b. attain wealth.
c. choose abundance over scarcity.
d. use their infinite resources.

Question 4: Economists point out that scarcity confronts
a. the rich but not the poor.
b. the poor but not the rich.
c. both the poor and the rich.
d. neither the poor nor the rich.

Question 5: Scarcity requires that people must
a. trade.
b. compete.
c. cooperate.
d. make choices.

Question 6: As an economic concept, scarcity applies to
a. neither time nor money.
b. both money and time.
c. time but not money.
d. money but not time.

Question 7: Which is the most accurate definition of the study of economics? Economics is the study of
a. the distribution of surplus goods to those in need.
b. affluence in a morally bankrupt world.
c. ways to reduce wants to eliminate the problem of scarcity.
d. the choices we make because of scarcity.

Question 8: Which of the following is a macroeconomic topic?
a. why plumbers earn more than janitors
b. the reasons for the rise in average prices
c. whether the army should buy more tanks or more rockets
d. the reasons for a rise in the price of orange juice

Question 9: Which of the following is a microeconomic topic?
a. the reasons for a decline in average prices
b. the reasons why Kathy buys less orange juice
c. the cause of why total employment may decrease
d. the effect of the government budget deficit on inflation

Question 10: Microeconomics focuses on all of the following EXCEPT
a. the effect of increasing the money supply on inflation.
b. the purchasing decisions that an individual consumer makes.
c. the effect of an increase in the tax on cigarettes on cigarette sales.
d. the hiring decisions that a business makes.

Question 11: In broad terms the difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics is that
a. microeconomics studies the effects of government taxes on the national unemployment rate.
b. macroeconomics studies the effects of government regulation and taxes on the price of individual goods and services whereas microeconomics does not.
c. they use different sets of tools and ideas.
d. microeconomics studies decisions of individual people and firms and macroeconomics studies the entire national economy.

Question 12: Studying the determination of prices in individual markets is primarily a concern of
a. negative economics.
b. microeconomics.
c. positive economics.
d. macroeconomics.

Question 13: The analysis of the behavior of individual decision-making units is the definition of
a. microeconomics.
b. macroeconomics.
c. positive economics.
d. normative economics.

Question 14: Which of the following topics would be studied in a microeconomics course?
a. how a tax rate increase will impact total production
b. comparing inflation rates across countries
c. how a trade agreement between the United States and Mexico affects both nations' unemployment rates
d. how rent ceilings impact the supply of apartments

Question 15: Which of the following is a macroeconomic issue?
a. how federal government budget deficits affect interest rates
b. the cause of a decline in the price of peanut butter
c. what determines the amount a firm will produce
d. how a rise in the price of sugar affects the market for sodas

Question 16: Which of the following is an issue in macroeconomics?
a. the purchasing decisions that an individual consumer makes
b. the effect of an increase in the tax on cigarettes on cigarette sales
c. the hiring decisions that a business makes
d. the effect of increasing the money supply on inflation

Question 17: Macroeconomic topics include
a. the impact of government regulation of markets.
b. total, nationwide employment.
c. studying what factors influence the price and quantity of automobiles.
d. studying the determination of wages and production costs in the software industry.

Question 18: Macroeconomics is the branch of economics that studies
a. prices of individual goods.
b. important, as opposed to trivial, issues.
c. the way individual markets work.
d. the economy as a whole.

Question 19: When an economy produces more houses and fewer typewriters, it is answering the ________question.
a. "where"
b. "for whom"
c. "how"
d. "what"

Question 20: When firms in an economy start producing more computers and fewer televisions, they are answering the ________ question.
a. "where"
b. "when"
c. "what"
d. "for whom"

Question 21: U.S. producers decide to produce more compact cars and fewer SUVs as the price of gasoline rises. Producers are answering the ________ question.
a. "what"
b. "when"
c. "how"
d. "how many"

Question 22: The question "Should movies or compact discs be produced?" is an example of the
a. "how" question.
b. "who" question.
c. "where" question.
d. "what" question.

Question 23: Which of the following statements is correct?
a. The percentage of people producing goods in the United States has steadily increased over the last 60 years.
b. The United States produces an equal amount of goods and services.
c. The United States produces more goods than services.
d. The United States produces more services than goods.

Question 24: Which of the following is correct concerning production in the United States?
a. The percentage of people employed in manufacturing has increased over the last 60 years.
b. The percentage of people employed in farming has decreased over the last 60 years.
c. The percentage of people employed in services has decreased over the last 60 years.
d. The percentage of people employed in construction has increased over the last 60 years.

Question 25: When China builds a dam using few machines and a great deal of labor, it is answering the________ question.
a. "how"
b. "what"
c. "where"
d. "for whom"

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